Report | April-June 2023
The Center for Binational Institutions is devoted to promoting a better understanding of the bilateral institutions between Mexico and the United States. Our quarterly report presents the relevant events between US-MEXICO bilateral institutions.
APRIL
1) Mexican President López Obrador Establishes A Task Force To Tackle Illegal Arms And Synthetic Drug Trade
April 12, 2023 Link
Mexican President López Obrador issued a presidential decree that created a commission to combat arms and synthetic drug trafficking into Mexico. The commission will serve as a special working group to monitor and coordinate actions carried out by various public ministries and agencies. It will propose measures to fulfill international agreements, evaluate government strategies, and combat cartel trafficking activities. Public Security Minister Rosa Icela Rodríguez will oversee the commission's operations, reporting directly to the President. The commission will include representatives from ministries such as Public Security, Interior, Foreign Affairs, National Defense, the Navy, Health, Financial Intelligence, the National Guard, the Attorney General's Office, and the National Intelligence Center. The commission is expected to be operational within ten days.
Institutional Implications:
By bringing together representatives from various ministries and agencies, the commission aims to enhance coordination and collaboration in combating drug and arms trafficking. This move highlights the government's recognition of the need for a comprehensive and multi-faceted approach to address this issue. The Attorney General's Office and the National Intelligence Center demonstrate the importance of intelligence gathering and law enforcement in combating these criminal activities.
2) Mexico and the United States: Joint Statement on Bicentennial Framework for Security, Public Health, and Safe Communities
On April 13, U.S. Homeland Security Advisor Dr. Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall met with a delegation led by Mexico's Secretary of Security and Citizen Protection Rosa Icela Rodríguez at the White House. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss shared security priorities under the U.S.-Mexico Bicentennial Framework for Security, Public Health, and Safe Communities and to explore collaborative efforts to combat fentanyl and arms trafficking.
The U.S. and Mexico pledged to continue their joint efforts to dismantle the fentanyl supply chain and combat the Sinaloa Cartel and the Jalisco New Generation Cartel. They agreed to develop a bilingual and binational public awareness campaign on the dangers of synthetic drugs.
Additionally, U.S. and Mexican officials committed to increasing cooperation to combat illegal firearms trafficking. The Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) will utilize new Bipartisan Safer Communities Act authorities to target southbound firearms flows and work with Mexican counterparts to enhance firearms tracing. In collaboration with the ATF and Department of Homeland Security, the DOJ's Operation Southbound has made significant progress in disrupting firearms trafficking from the U.S. to Mexico.
Institutional Implications:
Creating a presidential commission in Mexico to fight the trafficking of illicit drugs and firearms demonstrates a solid commitment to addressing these issues at the highest level of government. This commission will improve coordination among government entities and enhance the investigation and arrest of individuals involved in fentanyl production and trafficking.
The increased cooperation between the DOJ, ATF, and their Mexican counterparts to combat illegal firearms trafficking is another important institutional implication. This collaboration represents a joint effort to tackle a shared problem and demonstrates a commitment to addressing the issue from both sides of the border.
3) North American Leaders Unite to Combat Fentanyl Crisis: Joint Statement from Canada, Mexico, and the United States
April 14, 2023 Link
The committee convened its first meeting on April 13, 2023, with U.S. Homeland Security Advisor Dr. Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall, Mexican Secretary of Security Rosa Icela Rodríguez, and Canadian National Security and Intelligence Advisor Jody Thomas.
The committee identified synthetic opioids, particularly fentanyl, as the primary drug threat in North America. The United States, Mexico, and Canada will prioritize coordination in four areas: current and emerging synthetic drugs, drug demand and public health, drug trafficking modes and methods, and illicit finance. The three governments will collaborate to disrupt the global transfer and supply of illegal fentanyl, precursor chemicals, and related equipment. The three countries will continue to build on existing cooperation frameworks, including the North American Drug Dialogue and the U.S.-Mexico Bicentennial Framework for Security.
Institutional Implications:
By establishing a senior-level committee, the governments are signaling their commitment to prioritizing this issue and dedicating resources to address it effectively. The committee's focus on enhancing coordination in drug trafficking modes, methods, and illicit finance highlights the recognition that addressing the fentanyl threat requires a comprehensive approach. By targeting not only the supply of fentanyl but also how it is trafficked and the financial networks supporting its production and distribution, the committee aims to disrupt the entire illicit fentanyl ecosystem.
Furthermore, the commitment to coordinate with other countries impacted by synthetic drugs demonstrates a recognition of the transnational nature of the problem. The committee aims to create a united front against synthetic drugs and prevent their global spread by mobilizing international actions.
4) High-Level Economic Dialogue: Midterm Review
April 18, 2023 Link
The co-chairs of the Mexico-U.S. High-Level Economic Dialogue (HLED) held a virtual meeting on April 18 to review critical achievements since the HLED ministerial meeting on September 12. They also discussed priority initiatives and stakeholder commitments to plan for the HLED ministerial meeting in the fall of 2023.
The HLED advances strategic economic and trade priorities for Mexico and the U.S. to foster development and economic growth, promote job creation, enhance competitiveness, and reduce poverty and inequality in both countries. Mexico and the U.S. governments consulted with civil society, the private sector, academia, labor unions, and other non-governmental organizations through an open and inclusive dialogue that values diversity of perspectives and transparency.
Institutional Implications:
It serves as a platform for bilateral cooperation, fostering economic growth, job creation, and competitiveness while addressing poverty and inequality. The HLED involves diverse stakeholders, ensuring inclusivity and transparency. Regular reviews and planning sessions demonstrate a commitment to assessing progress and setting future goals. The HLED's comprehensive approach acknowledges the interdependencies between the two economies.
5) Collaborative Efforts to Preserve the Mayan Jungle and Promote Clean Energy: 7th Meeting with U.S. Southeast Governors and the Mexican Government
April 18, 2023 Link
U.S. Southeast governors and the government of Mexico held their 7th meeting, during which significant progress was made in addressing various issues related to preserving the Mayan jungle, community development, and promoting clean energy. The collaboration between authorities and the private sector was emphasized as a crucial aspect of these efforts. The meeting aimed to tackle challenges such as security and migration, highlighting the importance of a comprehensive approach to these complex issues.
Institutional Implications:
The outcomes of this meeting have significant institutional implications, emphasizing public-private partnerships, community development, and clean energy. Collaboration between the government and private sector is crucial for effectively addressing environmental and social challenges. Inclusive approaches involving local communities ensure long-term success. Transitioning to clean energy requires supportive institutional changes.
6) Meeting: Independent Labor Experts Board of Mexico (IMLEB) under the USMCA
April 20, 2023 Link
The Independent Labor Experts Board of Mexico (IMLEB) held a meeting on April 20, 2023, to discuss the progress made in implementing and complying with the labor obligations of the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA), including the labor reform approved in 2019. The meeting included representatives from various labor unions, academia, and the private sector.
The IMLEB is crucial in promoting a worker-centered trade policy and identifying areas of opportunity in Mexico to improve labor rights. The U.S. Congress established the IMLEB to monitor progress in Mexico and advise the Interagency Labor Committee of the USMCA, which is co-chaired by the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative and the Department of Labor.
Institutional Implications:
This meeting demonstrates a commitment to ensuring the protection of labor rights and the enforcement of labor obligations under the USMCA. The IMLEB serves as a mechanism for monitoring progress and providing expert advice, which enhances the accountability and transparency of the labor provisions in the agreement.
The involvement of various stakeholders, including labor unions, academia, and the private sector, in the IMLEB highlights the importance of multi-sectoral collaboration in addressing labor issues. Furthermore, the IMLEB's role in identifying areas of opportunity in Mexico for improving labor rights underscores the importance of continuous assessment and improvement in labor practices. This can lead to implementing necessary reforms and establishing mechanisms to ensure compliance with labor standards.
7) Advancing Collaborative Measures in Consular Services and Protection between Mexico and the United States
April 24, 2023 Link
The Intermediary Meeting of the Mexico-U.S. Consular Dialogue was held at the Secretary of Foreign Affairs (SRE) in Mexico City. Established in 2013, this bilateral mechanism aims to strengthen cooperation in consular assistance and protection between the two countries. During the meeting, progress was shared on issues such as dual nationality, consular notification, training for consular authorities, collaboration in child abduction cases, child support, and international adoptions. Good consular practices were also exchanged to prevent and respond to natural disasters, drawing on the experiences of the respective foreign services. The meeting also focused on labor mobility, the H2 visa process, and Mexico's proactive efforts to inform and defend the rights of its population through its consular network.
Institutional Implications:
This bilateral mechanism allows for the exchange of information, best practices, and collaboration between the consular authorities of both countries. The meeting's focus on issues such as dual nationality, consular notification, and child abduction demonstrates the commitment of both governments to address important consular matters. Sharing good consular practices to prevent and respond to natural disasters also highlights the importance of preparedness and cooperation in times of crisis. Additionally, the discussion on labor mobility and the H2 visa process reflects the ongoing efforts to facilitate legal migration and protect the rights of migrant workers.
8) Resolution of Rapid Response Petition: U.S. Successfully Addresses Unique Fabricating Facility in Mexico
April 24, 2023 Link
The U.S. Trade Representative, Katherine Tai, and Department of Labor Deputy Undersecretary for International Affairs, Thea Lee, resolved a US-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) labor dispute. The issue concerned a Unique Fabricating facility in Santiago de Querétaro, Mexico, where workers were denied their rights to association and collective bargaining. This is the eighth successful resolution under the USMCA's Rapid Response Labor Mechanism. The Mexican government conducted a review, taking actions to safeguard workers' rights, such as providing training, issuing a neutrality statement, and overseeing a union representation vote. The company agreed with the new union to ensure equal access and prevent further violations. Consequently, the U.S. acknowledges the resolution and will resume liquidating goods from the Unique Fabricating facility.
Institutional Implications:
This demonstrates the effectiveness of the USMCA Rapid Response Labor Mechanism in addressing labor rights violations and ensuring workers' rights are protected. The successful use of the RRM, in this case, highlights both countries' commitment to enforcing labor standards and holding companies accountable for their treatment of workers. The actions taken by the Government of Mexico, including conducting a review, providing training, and monitoring a union representation vote, demonstrate their commitment to addressing labor rights violations and promoting a fair and inclusive labor environment. This resolution sets a precedent for future cases and strongly conveys that labor rights violations will not be tolerated under the USMCA.
MAY
9) Strengthening Mexico-US Cooperation: Joint Humanitarian Plan on Migration Bolstered
May 2, 2023 Link
Mexico's President López Obrador and U.S. Homeland Security Advisor Dr. Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall met in Mexico City to address the migration situation. To counter human smuggling, joint actions will be increased, and efforts with Colombia and Panama will be intensified. Both countries will continue addressing the root causes of migration in Central America and expanding legal pathways. Mexico supported the United States' regional processing centers and discussed its potential contribution. The U.S. plans to welcome 100,000 individuals from Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador through family reunification parole. The successful joint initiative for individuals from Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela will continue. The shared border will also be modernized, including expanding the Calexico East Land Port of Entry, benefiting both economies.
Institutional Implications:
The increased joint actions against human smuggling require enhanced coordination and cooperation between law enforcement agencies. Efforts to address the root causes of migration and expand legal pathways will require additional funding and resources. The support for regional processing centers indicates the need for new institutional frameworks and procedures. The U.S.'s plan to welcome individuals through family reunification parole signifies the development of specific institutional processes. Lastly, the modernization of the shared border reflects the commitment to institutional improvements benefiting both countries economies.
10) Phone Call Between President Biden and President López Obrador
May 9, 2023 Link
President Biden and President Andres Manuel López Obrador of Mexico discussed strengthening the U.S.-Mexico bilateral relationship. They focused on the need to enhance cooperation between the two countries to manage the unprecedented migration in the region. The leaders emphasized the importance of close coordination between border authorities and strong enforcement measures to prepare for the return to full reliance on Title 8 immigration authorities at the U.S.-Mexico border. They also highlighted the value of managing migration humanely and orderly, with expanded legal pathways and consequences for irregular migration. They also expressed their commitment to addressing the root causes of migration from Central America and discussed expanding joint efforts between the two nations. President Biden committed to using all available means to address arms trafficking to Mexico. They also discussed the topic of development in the region. They agreed on the importance of promoting measures that foster equality and economic growth in both countries, generating greater well-being among their inhabitants.
Institutional Implications:
The call emphasizes increased cooperation and coordination between U.S. and Mexican border authorities, requiring effective communication and information sharing. Managing migration humanely calls for comprehensive immigration policies prioritizing migrant well-being, potentially necessitating institutional reforms and resource allocation. Addressing the root causes of Central American migration requires institutional collaboration in identifying and tackling underlying factors like poverty and violence. This may involve joint initiatives, policy coordination, and resource-sharing. The discussion underscores the need for institutional cooperation to manage migration and strengthen the US-Mexico relationship.
11) Mexican Delegation to Washington, D.C.
The Mexican Government Delegation, led by Dr. Laura Carrillo, Director of the Mexican Agency for International Development Cooperation (AMEXCID), and Roberto Velasco, Head of the North America Unit of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (SRE), visited Washington, D.C. The visit aimed to strengthen efforts to address the causes of migration, focusing on collaboration between Mexico and the U.S. in the southeast of Mexico and Central America. The delegation met with U.S. authorities, starting at the White House, to deepen the work through the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and AMEXCID. The goal is to generate opportunities, prosperity, and hope in communities and empower people to build their future. Examples of this collaboration include implementing the Sembrando Vida Program in Honduras and El Salvador and the SURGES program in southeast Mexico, which aims to increase employment and investments while preserving the environment.
Institutional Implications:
The strengthened collaboration between the two countries, particularly in addressing the causes of migration, highlights the importance of bilateral cooperation in finding sustainable solutions to migration challenges. The partnership between AMEXCID and USAID demonstrates the commitment to working together to generate opportunities, prosperity, and hope in the communities affected by migration. This collaboration also showcases the potential for joint initiatives, such as the Sembrando Vida Program and the SURGES program, to positively impact employment, investments, and environmental preservation.
12) Enhancing Consular Support and Protection for Mexicans at the Onset of Title 8 in the U.S.
May 12, 2023 Link
Officials from the Mexican General Directorate of Consular Protection and Strategic Planning have traveled to Arizona, California, and Texas border cities to meet with authorities, shelters, and national and international organizations. These meetings aim to gather information and anticipate the types of protective cases that may arise once Title 42 is lifted. The General Directorate of Consular Protection and Strategic Planning will continue to update recommendations and actions as the situation at the border evolves, maintaining contact with U.S. counterparts to assist and protect the Mexican community proactively and comprehensively. The Mexican government urges its citizens not to be deceived by traffickers and to pursue legal avenues, such as applying for visas, before entering Mexico and the United States. The government reaffirms its commitment to defending all Mexican citizens' rights, interests, and well-being, regardless of their immigration status.
Institutional Implications:
Through deploying officials to border cities and engagement with stakeholders, the government displays its commitment to safeguarding its citizens and tackling potential challenges arising from the policy change. This proactive stance acknowledges the necessity of anticipating and addressing the surge in migration and the associated risks of irregular movement. Providing accurate information to citizens is pivotal in countering misinformation propagated by criminal organizations. By establishing a hotline and offering legal assistance, the government ensures accessible support and resources for its citizens. Continued communication and coordination with U.S. counterparts underscore the importance of bilateral cooperation in addressing migration concerns.
JUNE
13) Joint Statement: U.S. Department of Transportation and President López Obrador Meet
President López Obrador of Mexico and U.S. Secretary of Transportation Pete Buttigieg met to strengthen transportation links and address Mexico's aviation safety rating downgrade. The focus was enhancing people-to-people ties and supporting North American supply chain integration. Discussions took place at Felipe Angeles International Airport (AIFA), emphasizing a commitment to its development. They aimed to promote commercial expansion at AIFA and provide flexibility for U.S. carriers to operate there. President López Obrador expressed optimism about Mexico's aviation safety rating recovery as U.S. authorities review the process. Both governments reaffirmed their commitment to the successful development of AIFA and the U.S.-Mexico Air Transport Agreement as a foundation for bilateral relationship development.
Institutional Implications:
Strengthening transportation links and people-to-people ties necessitate cooperation among various government agencies responsible for transportation, trade, and immigration. Enhanced institutional collaboration and communication are vital to implementing the discussed approaches successfully.
The commitment to developing Felipe Angeles International Airport (AIFA) also underscores the importance of infrastructure investment and planning, requiring joint efforts from both countries' institutions. Adherence to the 2015 U.S.-Mexico Air Transport Agreement also involves regulatory compliance and dispute resolution mechanisms, necessitating regular communication and joint inspections.
14) The third Convoy for Internationalization of Mexican Municipalities takes place in Miami
June 13, 2023 Link
The third Convoy for the Internationalization of Mexican Municipalities took place in Miami, Florida. The Convoy, which aims to attract investment, boost tourism, and promote the ports of Mexican states, also visited Orlando and Tampa. This is the largest Convoy, with over 27 mayors, 20 business executives, and 23 state representatives participating. Initially promoted by former Foreign Secretary Marcelo Ebrard, the initiative seeks to foster collaboration and exchange of best practices between companies, investors, and public sector actors in Florida and the U.S. and local governments in Mexico. The Convoy participated in a tourism fair at the Miami International Airport Convention Center, where the Government of Mexico had a large pavilion to promote and market tourism in Mexico. Additionally, the Convoy showcased Mexico's agri-food products at the Mexico Agri-Food Expo in Tampa.
Institutional Implications:
By promoting collaboration and exchange of best practices between companies, investors, and public sector actors, the Convoy aims to strengthen institutional ties and foster economic development. The participation of mayors, business executives, and state representatives highlights the importance of local governments in driving economic growth and attracting investment. The initiative also emphasizes the role of the Mexican government in supporting and promoting the interests of its municipalities on an international scale. Mexican pavilions at tourism and agri-food expos showcase the institutional commitment to promoting these sectors and strengthening connectivity with international markets. Furthermore, the meetings with executives from various companies and organizations demonstrate the institutional efforts to establish partnerships and explore opportunities for collaboration,
